Micro(nano)plásticos en el medio ambiente: una descripción de los efectos potenciales a la salud humana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36790/epistemus.v17i35.311Palabras clave:
Microplásticos, Nanoplásticos, Salud humana, Contaminación ambientalResumen
Los plásticos son materiales de enorme importancia en la sociedad actual con aplicaciones en diversos aspectos de la vida diaria, incluida la medicina, la tecnología, el transporte y la construcción. Se utilizan para fabricar una gran variedad de productos (juguetes, electrodomésticos, textiles, envases, etc.), muchos de los cuales son desechados por los consumidores después de un solo uso. Lo anterior, ha generado una gran acumulación de residuos plásticos en el medio ambiente. Una de las principales preocupaciones es su degradación y fragmentación para la formación de microplásticos (1 μm – 5 mm) y nanoplásticos (< 1 μm). Según los hallazgos de estudios in vivo e in vitro, los micro(nano)plásticos pueden acumularse en el cuerpo humano generando algunas respuestas negativas. En este trabajo, se explora la evidencia existente sobre las rutas de exposición humana a micro(nano)plásticos y los posibles efectos en la salud.
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