Electrophoresis: fundamentals, advances and applications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36790/epistemus.v13i26.96Keywords:
electrophoresis, DNA, PAGE, PFGEDGGE, PFGE, DGGEAbstract
Electrophoresis is a technique for separating biomolecules according to their mobility and nature (usually nucleic acids or proteins) in an electric field on a porous matrix, whose composition depends on the biomolecule to be analyzed. For the separation of nucleic acids, agarose matrices are used and for the separation of proteins, polyacrylamide matrices are used. This technique represents a fundamental tool of quantitative analysis in various fields of biological sciences such as molecular, biochemical or proteomic biology. Among the different electrophoresis platforms, the most used in nucleic acid analysis are agarose gel electrophoresis, pulsed field electrophoresis (PFGE) or denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and the most used for analysis of proteins are polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with sodium duodecyl sulfate (SDS) and two-dimensional electrophoresis. This review will discuss the previously mentioned techniques and their recent applications.
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