La Hidrometalurgia del zinc: una solución sostenible para concentrados minerales y residuos mineros
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36790/epistemus.v19i38.320Palabras clave:
Zinc, Economía circular, Hiidrometalurgia, Sostenibilidad, Residuos minerosResumen
El zinc es un metal con diversas aplicaciones industriales que se puede obtener por la vía hidrometalúrgica y pirometalúrgica. En esta revisión se abordan los avances frente a la producción sostenible de este metal. Este enfoque implica la adopción de prácticas y procesos que minimicen el impacto ambiental y fomenten el uso responsable de los recursos. Asimismo, se exploran las principales aplicaciones del zinc y la demanda proyectada a futuro. Además, se revisa la obtención de zinc a partir de fuentes secundarias como pilas usadas, chatarra electrónica, aleaciones de zinc, entre otras. Dichos procesos introducen el concepto de minería urbana, el cual promueve la transición hacia una economía circular. El reciclaje representa una actividad económicamente viable y contribuye a disminuir el volumen de residuos enviados a las presas de jales.
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